GUITAR

History 

Types of Guitar 

Acoustic guitar has a hollow body part (hollow body) and can produce a relatively loud sound without the reinforcement electrically. The sound of acoustic guitar strings are generated from the vibration which is then amplified by a guitar body that acts as a resonance tube. 

Acoustic Guitar 

The authenticity of the guitar can not be seen from its antiquity.Some experts feel this tool comes from the African continent, where many modern replicas in a round shape like a box of shells with Gut / silk yarn, in many regions of the continent. Other experts find this tool in the form of glass in an old stone reliefs reliefs at the time of Ancient Central Asia and Asia. Materials other thoughts also arise with the discovery of ancient Greek vase patterned vase.Strings Greek is probably the first tool that categorized as guitar.Possibility stems from the modern guitar Spanish guitar, but different types of guitars such as the instrument of instruments we can see dilukisan painting in Medieval times and Renaiassance that is widely available throughout Europe. 

Play for music about the word 'guitar' or a guitar in English, was originally taken from the name of an ancient stringed musical instrument in the area of ​​Persia in about 1500 BC, known as the citar or sehtar. This instrument is then developed into a variety of old-fashioned guitar models known as general tanbur. In the year 300 BC the Persian Tanbur developed by the Greeks and six centuries later by the Romans (Bellow, 1970:54-55). 476M In this instrument brought by the Romans to Spain and are transformed into: (1) guitarra Morisca melody that serves as a carrier, and Guitarra Latina to play a chord. Three centuries later the Arabs brought a kind of harp guitar as al ud to Spain (Summerfield, 1982:12). Under construction ud al Arab and the Roman model of the guitar, the Spanish and then create your own musical instrument called the vihuela. As a result, the vihuela became popular in Spain as musical instruments gradually abandoned its predecessor.Nevertheless al ud brought people to the countries of Western Europe and rivaling the popularity of vihuela in Spain. In Europe al ud welcome and evolved into various models of the European lute until roughly the end of the 17th century. Meanwhile, vihuela grown steadily into a variety of guitars over the centuries until it became a classic guitar that is used at this time. 

There are several subcategories of grouping acoustic guitar, including: 

• Nylon-stringed guitar, including classical guitar and flamenco guitar
• Steel-stringed guitars, including flat-top guitar and folk guitar 
• Archtop guitars 
• Twelve-string guitar 

Electric Guitar 

The grouping also includes acoustic guitar acoustic guitar tone that has a range of different levels, such as acoustic bass guitar which has the same setem with electric bass guitar. 

Construction of Guitar 

This section requires the development of: detailed explanations for each portion.

Guitar body consists of three main parts namely the head, neck and body. At the head there is a string tuning machine. Strings of six pieces each attached to a six pegs that are part of engine tuning. Located in the neck between the head and body. The face of the neck that goes up to approximately one quarter of the front panel of the guitar body, a finger board which has 19 barrier of metal known as the fret. Its function is to produce a different pitch level by placing the fingers on the spaces between the metal-metal fret. Parts of the guitar body to function as a resonator tube to enlarge the sound produced by vibration of the strings. Front panel on the guitar body wood material is thinner than the rear and side boards, also called the soundboard. There is a hole on the soundboard vote to issue the results of sound production. Basically the guitar sound is produced by vibration of the strings are stretched between buffer rod string which is a barrier between the head and neck (called a nut) with ivory border (called bridge) at the base of the fastening strings above the sound board (called the base). 

Guitar Accessories 

Tala / Setem 

Guitar is a transposing instrument, where the voice pitch one octave lower than written on the score / sheet music. 

• E4's first e '329.63 Hz 
• the B3 b 246.94 Hz 
• three G3 g 196.00 Hz 
• The fourth D3 d 146.83 Hz 
• A fifth A2 110 Hz 
• sixth E2 E 82.41 Hz 

B C C ♯ D E ♭ E F F ♯ G A ♭ A B ♭ B 

G A ♭ A ♭ B B C C ♯ D E ♭ E F F ♯ G 

D E ♭ E F F ♯ G A ♭ A ♭ B B C C ♯ D 

A B C ♯ ♭ B C D E ♭ E F F ♯ G A ♭ A 

E F F ♯ G A ♭ A ♭ B B C C ♯ D E ♭ E 

Terminology "drop-D" not only used to describe the "drop-D" which is actually (where the strings down a tone last), the term is sometimes also incorrectly used to describe setem "Standart" based on the actual D is called "D-Standard" (DGcfad '). 

As with other stringed instruments, it is possible to use a large number of scordatura on guitar. The general form scordatura including lowering the string setem-3 to F ♯ to mimic setem standard of lute, especially when playing songs opera renaissance that is actually written to mouth

Many guitarists are using a variety setem discovered centuries ago, where the lowest string 'derived' one full tone (whole tone).Known as setem "Drop-D" where the opening chord sequence of pitches from low to high is DAdgbe. This allows the dominant and tonic bass play open strings in the key of D and D-minor. It is also easier in playing powerchords. Eddie Van Halen often uses a patented device that he called "D Tuna". The tool is a small lever that is connected to a string fine tuner Floyd Rose tremolo sixth on his own, which makes it able to lower the tone of the string from E to D with ease. In the modern era, many contemporary rock group who made changes setem strings with a decrease in some semi-tone, generating setem "Drop-C" or "Drop-B" as an example.However the use of this term is less consistent. 

Setem standard has been developed to provide alignment between a simple finger positioning for common chords and the ability to play common scales with minimal finger movement. Uniquely, setem guitar has a pattern of repetition, where it is easier in general play a scale. There is also a variation and development of alternative setem. Setem alternatives used for two main reasons: ease of playing and tonal variety that can be generated. 

Setem guitar that uses the standard can easily tuned, with the fact that the tone on the fifth fret with the tone on open strings (open strings) before; for example, the tone on the fifth fret on the sixth string has the same tone with the open fifth string. The exception to this occurs between the second and third string, fourth fret which note on the third string is equal to the second open strings. 

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 

The following table shows the crossed pitch setem sixth string on the standard, from a zero fret (nut) to fret twelve. 

Pitch is as follows: 

Setem variations can be used, depending on the players. Setem the most commonly used - known as "Standard Tuning" - use the E strings are tuned from low to high E, with a traverse range of two octaves (EADGBE). If all six strings sounded openly (open strings) it will produce a chord Em7/add11. 

Distinctive guitar sound ala Billy Gibbons touted because it uses American coins or coins of Mexico as a plectrum. Something similar happened to Brian May who uses British coins as a plectrum. Another case with David Persons is known to use credit cards obsolete plectrum of the cut with the right size. 

The shape and size of the plectrum is very diverse. Plectrum sizes vary from small plectrum plectrum to jazz up big for the bass.Plectrum thickness also affect its use. A thinner plectrum (between 0.2 to 0.5 mm) usually used for rhythm playing, whereas thicker plectrum (between 0.7 to 1.5 + mm) are commonly used to play melody. 

Plectrum is a small piece of hard material that is generally held with the thumb and forefinger and used to pluck the strings and sounds.Plectrum in general are more often used to play electric guitar.Although the main ingredient maker is a plastic plectrum, there is also a plectrum of other materials, such as bone, wood, metal, or tortoise shell. Tortoise shell is the material most often used in the early era of the manufacture of plectrum. But along with the turtles as endangered and a protected animal, tortoise shell is no longer used as material for plectrum. 

Plectrum 

Some just pick the one acoustic guitar strap pin, which is at the base of the guitar body. To the other end of the strap must be fastened to the head of the guitar. However, some acoustic guitar strap is made with no pin at all. 

Bottom strap pin is usually located at the bottom of the guitar body.While the upper strap pin is generally located around the upper end of the guitar body, with exactly the position is different. The most common position is in the body arch top guitar, at the end of the upper horn or in connection neck (heel). Some electric guitars, especially the guitar with a strange body shape, has a strap pin mounted on the back of the guitar body, either one or both pins.There is also a pin starp top mounted on the head of the guitar. 

Guitar has a variety of equipment to pair strap. The most common uses are equipment strap pin, in the form of a metal cylinder that is attached to the guitar using a screw. In general, two strap pins are always present in all lots of electric guitars and acoustic guitars.Pin strap by some people and then replaced with berpengunci strap (strap locks) that can connect the guitar and strap more securely. 

Guitar strap used to hang the guitar over his shoulder. Strap shaped piece of fabric with synthetic skin thickening at both ends, where the length can be set to adjust the position of the user's favorite. 

Guitar Strap 

Some models of electric guitars using piezoelectric pickup, which serves as a transducer for generating sound relatively similar to the acoustic guitar. There is also a guitar that combines magnetic pickups and piezoelectric pickups are called hybrid guitars.

Guitar electric guitar is designed so that the resulting sound can be electrically amplified and if played without sound reinforcement will result in relatively weak. The main components of the electric guitar is the pickups. Electromagnetic pickup capture and convert the string vibrations in the form of a signal, which is then forwarded to the medium melelui loudspeaker cable or radio waves. The resulting sound is often manipulated in such a way as to use additional electronic equipment and natural distortion of the vacuum tube inside a loudspeaker. There are two types of magnetic pickups, the single coil pickups (single coil) and double coil pickups (double coil or humbucker), each pickup can be set active or passive. The first pickup is successfully used on the guitar was developed by George Beauchamp in 1931, when he was diamana using a hollow body guitar (hollow-body). After World War II, then the solid-body electric guitar (solid-body) was popularized by Gibson in collaboration with Les Paul, Leo Fender and by working independently. 

E F F ♯ G A ♭ A ♭ B B C C ♯ D E ♭ E 

Notation Scientific Notation strings Helmholtz Frequency

Although the guitar is playable without the following tools, but the use of various accessories can be used to facilitate the holding and playing guitar.